Why is the lack of a hierarchical structure a problem for political parties

Because of the fact that it lacks hierarchical structure and works through existing political structure the electorate often spoil electron for or a major party may bring issue that the major parties will adopt

abraham lincoln was the president of usa and he had asked the audience to make a pledge on equality.

his pledge was:

“it is my earnest desire to know the will of the providence.”

lincoln also had hatred for people who condoned and practiced slavery and so he pledged:

""and if i can learnt what it is i can do it"" this is another pledge by abraham to reassure the congregation on how to deal with the providence will.

explanation:

hope this !

a big wall across the mexican border so no drugs, terrorist, or illegal immigrants can come through : )