ABC welding machine has 6 years of remaining life. If kept, the machine will have depreciation expenses of $700 each year. If the current book value is $4,200, and it can be sold for $2,500 at this time. If the old machine is not replaced, it can be sold for $800 at the end of its useful life. ABC is considering purchasing a new machine, which costs $12,000 and has an estimated useful life of 6 years with an estimated salvage value of $2,200. This machine falls into the MACRS 5-year class, so the applicable depreciation rates are 20%, 32%, 19%, 12%, 11%, and 6%. The new machine would raise sales by $3,000 per year; the new machine would increase operating expenses by $500 per year. Using the new machine would reduce NWC by $1,500. ABC's tax rate is 25% and its WACC is 10%. What is the amount of cash flow in year 0 (initial cash flow)?

step-by-step explanation:

30% of $420 is 0.30($420) = $126 and $420 + $126 = $546.

or, 130% of $420 is 1.3($420) = $546.

notice that this is not the $600 original list price with which we started.

why doesn't this work?

the method does not work because 30% of $420 is not the same amount as the 30% of $600. it may seem obvious when stated this way, but it is a very common error made on problems of this type. we cannot just use the same percent and get back to the original amount because we are taking that percent of a different value.

to work problems of this type correctly, it is generally best to write an equation for the situation and then solve.

example: since (100% – 30%)(original price) = (sale price)

70% of the   (original price) is $420.

0.7x   = 420

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x = 600

the original cost was $600.

we may also solve this problem using the two-step method. working the problem in two steps requires us to use more algebra skills. we have to know that x = 1x (identity property of multiplicationtext annotation indicator) and that 1x – 0.3x = 0.7x (subtracting like terms). then we solve the problem as follows:

(original price) – 30%(original price) = sale price

x – 0.3x = 420

0.7x = $420

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x = 600

the original cost was $600.  

note that with both of the above methods we do obtain the correct original amount.

example: after a 5% pay raise, hermione is earning $22,680 per year. what was she earning before the pay raise?

105% of (original salary) = current salary

1.05x = 22,680

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x = 21,600

hermione earned $21,600 per year before the pay raise.

this is an example so maybe you will get how to at least do it!