Astudent standing on a stationary skateboard tosses a textbook with a mass of mb = 1.25 kg to a friend standing in front of him. the student and the skateboard have a combined mass of mc = 112 kg and the book leaves his hand at a velocity of vb = 3.61 m/s at an angle of 31° with respect to the horizontal.

randomized variables :

mt = 1.05 kg

mc = 104 kg

vb = 2.25 m/s

θ = 22 degrees

what is an expression for the magnitude of the velocity the student has after throwing the book?