Physics, 16.11.2019 06:31 lillierudloff2558

Which statements belong to dalton’s atomic theory? select all that apply.

atoms have a massive, positively charged center.

atoms cannot be created or destroyed.

atoms cannot be broken down into smaller pieces.

all atoms of an element are identical.

chemical reactions cause atoms to be rearranged.

electrons are located in energy levels outside of the nucleus

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Atoms can't be created nor can be destroyed.
atoms cat be broken down into smaller pieces.
all atoms of an element are identical.
chemical reactions cause atoms to be rearranged.

Answer from: dondre54

The options that belong to Dalton's Law are:

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.Atoms cannot be broken down into smaller pieces. All atoms of an element are identical.Chemical reactions cause atoms to be rearranged.

Explanation:

Dalton's atomic theory was the first complete attempt to describe all matter in terms of atoms and their properties.

Dalton based his theory on the law of conservation of mass (this law says that "The mass is not created or destroyed, only transformed", in other words, in a chemical reaction the sum of the mass of the reagents is equal to the sum of the mass of the products) and the law of constant composition (this law says that when two or more elements are combined to give a certain compound, they always do so in a constant mass relationship.)

Dalton's theory states that:

The elements are formed by discrete, tiny and indivisible particles, called atoms, that are not altered in chemical changes. All atoms of the same chemical element are equal in mass and properties and different from the atoms of any other element. The compounds are formed by the union of atoms of two or more elements. The relationship between the number of atoms present in a compound is always an integer or a simple fraction. In chemical reactions there is separation, combination or regrouping of atoms, never creation or destruction of them.

Taking into account what was previously stated, the options that belong to Dalton's Law are:

Atoms cannot be created or destroyed.Atoms cannot be broken down into smaller pieces. All atoms of an element are identical.Chemical reactions cause atoms to be rearranged.

Answer from: Quest

russian is not my first language, so i'm afraid i can't write out an answer in russian, but hopefully you can find a way to do so. here's my best translation of the problem: you're given a plot of a particle's position in one-dimensional space over time, and you're asked to find either the total distance traveled by the particle after 6 seconds had elapsed, or the total displacement of the particle after 6 seconds.

if you want the total distance traveled, you would first need to determine the particle's velocity as a function of time, then integrate that over the 6-second interval. we know the position function is quadratic with roots at 0 and 6, so we have

$x(t)=ax(x-6)$

where $a$ is unknown. because the position is parabolic, there is symmetry about the midpoint at $t=3$ , and we know that

$x(3)=10\implies -9a=10\implies a=-\dfrac{10}9$

so that the position function is

$x(t)=-\dfrac{10}9x(x-6)$

which means the velocity is

$v(t)=\dfrac{\mathrm dx}{\mathrm dt}=-\dfrac{20}9x+\dfrac{60}9$

then the total distance traveled is

$\displaystyle\int_{t=0}^{t=6}|v(t)|\,\mathrm dt=\left\{\int_{t-0}^{t=3}-\int_{t=3}^{t=6}\right\}v(t)\,\mathrm dt=20$

so the total distance traveled is 20 m.

on the other hand, if you want to find displacement: the particle starts at $x=0$ and ends at $x=0$ , so its displacement is 0.

Answer from: Quest

total distance/total time

(85 + 82)/(5+3)

167/8

20 just over

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Which statements belong to dalton’s atomic theory? select all that apply.

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