Iwould rather work at the most menial, ill-paying job than be the recipient of the government's *

I believe the answer is: Largesse

Largesse refers to some sort of program created by the government in order to help the poor citizens (in united states, this would most commonly known as welfares) . Examples of Largesse in united states would include things such as food stamps,  Gift Card, Direct cash assistance in the form of grants, etc.

even though you have attached neither the chart nor the generalizations, i have located them online. the right answer is d, since they are asking you about a generalization. you can only infer from the chart that between 2008 and 2009 the number of employed workers decreased significantly (from over 115 millions to 107 millions approximately), which signals some type of economic crisis.  

answer; can each be concretely realized in different ways;