Macy really wants the cool new jacket she has just seen in the store, but she does not have enough money to buy it. for a second, she thinks about stealing the jacket but decides that while stealing is not wrong, she might get punished if she is caught. macy’s moral reasoning appears to be at kohlberg’s level.

preconventional

Explanation:

Lawrence Kohlberg has given the theory of stages of moral development in which he has given three stages including preconventional, conventional, and post-conventional and each of the stages consists of two sub-stages.

Preconventional level: This is the first stage in the Kohlberg's theory, and starts from the age two in an individual's life, and is referred to as a stage in which morality of an individual is being externally controlled. Children face rules being imposed on them by the authority figures including parents, caregivers, etc and are conformed to receive rewards or avoid punishment.

In the question above, Macy’s moral reasoning appears to be at Kohlberg’s preconventional stage or level.

b) to encourage free trade