(1) if charlotte is in paris under the eifel tower, then she is in france.
(2) charlotte is in paris under the eifel tower.
(3) charlotte is in france.

Modus Ponens

Explanation:

This way of deduction is a clear example of a Modus Ponens, which is a mechanism used to achieve conclusions and deductions from the given information using an implicit way. In this specific example, it is possible to notice that the in the first part of the given the information, it is only mentioned that Charlotte is in Paris under the Eifel Tower, therefore, it can be concluded that Charlotte is in France, even if it is not directly mentioned in the sentence, due to the fact that it is possible to infer that the city of Paris is located in France.

two jet streams that directly affect the formation of weather in the continental part are a polar jet and a subtropical jet. they are responsible for the transportation of weather systems, which directly affect people. the polar front is the boundary between cold air from the north pole and warmer equatorial air. both the polar jet and the subtropical jet blow from the west to the east, and follow the boundary between cold and warm air.

the strongest jet streams are polar jets, while subtropical jets are somewhat weaker.

the right answer is c. the polar jet stream is generaly stronger than the subtropical jet stream.

permafrost layer, it exists beneath a layer of soil, rock or sediment.