If Ann so wishes, then Bill will be the president. Manuel is a public defender or Bill will be the president. Manuel is not a public defender. Therefore, Ann does not so wish.

invalid

Explanation:

Manuel is not a public defender and Bill is not the president so Ann wish is invalid.

Question: Determine whether the argument is valid or invalid

This argument is an invalid argument.

An invalid argument can be said to be an argument whereby the conclusions drawn are not from the basis of the argument.

The conclusion " Therefore, Ann does not so wish." Does not correlate with the premises.

d

explanation:

it establishes america’s basic laws and fundamentals to its citizens.