Vygotsky believed that that actual physical items that a child uses to learn (pencils, books, computers, etc.) as well as the intellectual and conceptual framework that the child uses to learn (language, alphabet, number/math systems, religious systems, etc.) are called

The correct answer is cultural tools

For Vygotsky, culture shapes the psychological, that is, it determines the way of thinking. People from different cultures have different psychological profiles. A person's psychological functions are developed over time and mediated by the social, through symbols created by culture. Language represents culture and depends on social exchange. Concepts are constructed in the historical process and the human brain is the result of evolution. In all cultures, cultural symbols mediate. The concepts are constructed and internalized in a non-linear and different way for each person. The whole approach is done in a holistic (broad) way and the daily life is always in motion, in transformation.  Ethic Dialectic. The word is the microcosm, the beginning of everything and has several meanings, that is, it is polysemic; the mind is being historically replaced by the person, who is the subject of his knowledge.

Vygotsky developed a great work, recognized by scholars on the formation of concepts. Spontaneous or everyday concepts, also called common sense, are those that have not been screened by science.

well, there are a lot of places we get information about earth from. like science classes, websites, books, newspapers, etc.

a is the final ! : )