7) Whale flippers, bat wings, and cat legs are considered to be “homologous structures’” because they have the same skeletal parts, despite the fact that they have different functions. Remember that the prefix "homo" means the same. What do these “homologous structures” tell us about the evolution of the whale, bat and cat? *

In simple words, Homologous structures refers to the organs or atlas device of invertebrates which recommend their connection to a common origin by virtue of their similarity. Such systems do not appear precisely the same, or have the same features.

Both bats as well as humans were primates, so both possess a shared ancestor. Both the wings of a bat as well as the hand of a person have a common internal body shape, although they appear somewhat different from the outside.

A further indication of whales possessing a sequence homology form is their ear canal bones. A whale's inner ear bones are nearly identical to terrestrial mammals however the one distinction is that they've been fused around each other.

marginal cost is a microeconomic measure that us to evaluate the extent to which the level of production of a good is sustainable in accounting, that is, to how many quantities the company plans to profit from the production of the good.

the concept of marginal cost is simple, it means the cost of producing one more item. for example, in the case of pies, the marginal cost is the cost of producing one more pie than those that have already been produced.

it is important to understand that productive activity influences marginal cost. the marginal cost of some goods can be very high, while others may be insignificant. for example, the marginal cost of producing an extra plane is very high. already the marginal cost of a water company to provide 1l more water is derisory.

in the case of pies, the cost involves the inputs, the labor and the fixed cost, which involves the fixed space of the bakery. the level of production initially has the marginal cost decreasing because there is space and manpower available. however, to produce more you have to hire more workers and buy more inputs. if physical space is limited, workers will conflict with places, inputs and their productivity will decrease, meaning there is an optimum point of production for each level of space and manpower. from this point on, the productivity of the workers will be getting smaller because of lack of space, so that the marginal cost of producing one more pie will be increasing. so, although you have not posted the chart, but if you have the answer, you can see that my explanation goes according to the marginal cost curve that will increase from the 4th pie, answer (c).