What is the achievement gap?

In which type of economy are these decisions made by the producers , consumers, and the goverment?

The authors of the paper "fudging the numbers: distributing chocolate influences student evaluations of an undergraduate course"† carried out a study to see if events unrelated to an undergraduate course could affect student evaluations. students enrolled in statistics courses taught by the same instructor participated in the study. all students attended the same lectures and one of six discussion sections that met once a week. at the end of the course, the researchers chose three of the discussion sections to be the "chocolate group." students in these three sections were offered chocolate prior to having them fill out course evaluations. students in the other three sections were not offered chocolate. the researchers concluded that "overall, students offered chocolate gave more positive evaluations than students not offered chocolate." indicate whether the study is an observational study or an experiment. give a brief explanation for your choice.

Which statement accurately compares the articles of confederation with the us constitution? a: the articles of confederation didnt allow for a president, the us constititution created the office for a president. b: the aoc were intended to be a temporary document , the us const. was intended to be permanent. c: the aoc allowed the states more freedom, the us const. gave the fed. government total power over states. d: the aoc didnt allow for states to levy taxes, the us constitution gave stayes the power to tax their own citizens. just pick a b c or d and me : )