1. In no more than two sentences, explain the concepts of a "state" and a "nation." 2. In no more than two sentences, explain the purpose and principal features of "balance of power"
and its relationship to the Westphalian system.
3. In no more than three sentences, explain the differences between what Hook describes as
"structural realism," what he describes as "liberal theory." and what he describes as
"constructivism."

1:A nation-state is a political unit with a well-defined territory, inhabited by a people who are well- organised, possess sufficient powers and consider themselves to be a nation by virtue of certain binding factors which may be emotional and which are reflected in law and governance.

2:The goal of balance of power is to prevent any power from becoming too strong, first by deterring aggression, but if that fails, by ensuring that the aggressor does not significantly alter the balance of power.Balance of power, in international relations, the posture and policy of a nation or group of nations protecting itself against another nation or group of nations by matching its power against the power of the other side.As a theory, balance of power predicts that rapid changes in international power and status—especially attempts by one state to conquer a region—will provoke counterbalancing actions. For this reason, the balancing process helps to maintain the stability of relations between states. 3:Structural realism, or neorealism, is a theory of international relations that says power is the most important factor in international relations. ... Defensive realism points towards “structural modifiers” such as the security dilemma and geography, and elite beliefs and perceptions to explain the outbreak of conflict.

i believe the answer is:   psychological  experiment

in this experiment, wilhelm wundt became the first person that implement scientific method in analyzing the pyschological phenomenon.

due to this result, wilhelm wundt also able to make psychology to be acknowledged as a separate scientific field from biology.