Early forms of punishment, including trials by ordeal, branding, whipping, and public execution, were mainly focused on , or punishment for the sake of punishment itself.

Which questions should robert ask himself before investing the $10,000 he inherited? check all that apply. how am i protected as an investor? are my friends investing in a similar way? what guarantees are in place so i make money? what taxes will i have to pay on this investment? how do the risks compare to the potential gains? what are the chances that the investment will fail?