In the 1940s and 1950s, pan-arabism grew in the middle east in response to
a decrease in arab nationalism.
the division of the ottoman empire.
european conquest and colonialism.
growing influence from western nations.

The correct answer is the fourth one: growing influence from Western nations.

In the following years to the Second World War, many Arab countries were struggling to be independent of Western powers and their influence. During this period, countries like Tunisia and Algeria were still colonies of France, other countries, like Iraq, were under direct influence of the UK or were British colonies, like some Gulf countries, and Egypt ended the British occupation in 1952, with the overthrown of King Farouk by a group of officers led by Gamal Abdel Nasser. In this context, the State of Israel was established in the former British territory of Palestine, which was considered by the Arab countries like a treason from Western powers. Under these circumstances, pan-Arabism, a secular Arab nationalist ideology that seeks unity among Arab people, gained strength and was driven by Nasser in Egypt and the Baath parties in Iraq and Syria.

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